Syntriax.Engine/Engine.Core/Helpers/Event.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Syntriax.Engine.Core;

/// <summary>
/// Represents a simple event with no parameters.
/// <para>Example usage:</para> 
/// <code>
/// public class MyBehaviour : Behaviour, IUpdate
/// {
///     public readonly Event MyEvent = new();
/// 
///     public MyBehaviour()
///     {
///         MyEvent.AddListener(OnEventTriggered);
///         MyEvent.AddOneTimeListener(OnEventTriggeredOneTime);
///     }
/// 
///     public void Update()
///     {
///         MyEvent.Invoke();
///     }
/// 
///     private void OnEventTriggered()
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"Event occurred!");
///     }
/// 
///     private static void OnEventTriggeredOneTime()
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"Event called once!");
///     }
/// }
/// </code>
/// The output of the example code above would be: 
/// <code>
/// Event occurred!
/// Event called once!
/// Event occurred!
/// Event occurred!
/// Event occurred!
/// ...
/// </code>
/// </summary>
public class Event
{
    private readonly List<EventHandler> listeners = null!;
    private readonly List<EventHandler> onceListeners = null!;

    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked whenever the event is triggered.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called when the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Add(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked the next time the event is triggered. The callback will be called only once.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called the next time the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Add(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Remove(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Remove(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes all listeners that was previously registered by either <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/> or <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    public void Clear() { listeners.Clear(); onceListeners.Clear(); }

    /// <summary>
    /// Triggers the event.
    /// </summary>
    public void Invoke()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.Count; i++)
            try { listeners[i].Invoke(); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{listeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{listeners[i].Method.Name}()";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }

        for (int i = onceListeners.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try { onceListeners[i].Invoke(); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{onceListeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{onceListeners[i].Method.Name}()";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }
            onceListeners.RemoveAt(i);
        }
    }

    public Event(int initialListenerCount = 4, int initialOnceListenerCount = 2)
    {
        listeners = new(initialListenerCount);
        onceListeners = new(initialOnceListenerCount);
    }

    public Event()
    {
        listeners = new(4);
        onceListeners = new(2);
    }

    public delegate void EventHandler();
}

/// <summary>
/// Represents an event with only sender parameters.
/// <para>Example usage:</para> 
/// <code>
/// public class MyBehaviour : Behaviour, IUpdate
/// {
///     public readonly Event&lt;MyBehaviour&gt; MyEvent = new();
/// 
///     public MyBehaviour()
///     {
///         MyEvent.AddListener(OnEventTriggered);
///         MyEvent.AddOneTimeListener(OnEventTriggeredOneTime);
///     }
/// 
///     public void Update()
///     {
///         MyEvent.Invoke(this);
///     }
/// 
///     private void OnEventTriggered(MyBehaviour sender)
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"{sender.Id}'s event occurred!");
///     }
/// 
///     private static void OnEventTriggeredOneTime(MyBehaviour sender)
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"{sender.Id}'s event called once!");
///     }
/// }
/// </code>
/// The output of the example code above would be: 
/// <code>
/// [Id]'s event occurred!
/// [Id]'s event called once!
/// [Id]'s event occurred!
/// [Id]'s event occurred!
/// [Id]'s event occurred!
/// ...
/// </code>
/// 
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TSender">Sender type</typeparam>
public class Event<TSender>
{
    private readonly List<EventHandler> listeners = null!;
    private readonly List<EventHandler> onceListeners = null!;

    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked whenever the event is triggered.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called when the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Add(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked the next time the event is triggered. The callback will be called only once.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called the next time the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Add(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Remove(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Remove(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes all listeners that was previously registered by either <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/> or <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    public void Clear() { listeners.Clear(); onceListeners.Clear(); }

    /// <summary>
    /// Triggers the event.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender">The caller that's triggering this event.</param>
    public void Invoke(TSender sender)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.Count; i++)
            try { listeners[i].Invoke(sender); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{listeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{listeners[i].Method.Name}({sender})";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }

        for (int i = onceListeners.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try { onceListeners[i].Invoke(sender); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{onceListeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{onceListeners[i].Method.Name}({sender})";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }
            onceListeners.RemoveAt(i);
        }
    }

    public Event(int initialListenerCount = 4, int initialOnceListenerCount = 2)
    {
        listeners = new(initialListenerCount);
        onceListeners = new(initialOnceListenerCount);
    }

    public Event()
    {
        listeners = new(4);
        onceListeners = new(2);
    }

    public delegate void EventHandler(TSender sender);
}

/// <summary>
/// Represents an event with sender and argument parameters.
/// <para>Example usage:</para> 
/// <code>
/// public class MyBehaviour : Behaviour, IUpdate
/// {
///     public readonly Event&lt;MyBehaviour, MyArguments&gt; MyEvent = new();
/// 
///     private int myInt = 0;
///     private bool myBool = false;
/// 
///     public MyBehaviour()
///     {
///         MyEvent.AddOneTimeListener(OnEventTriggeredOneTime);
///         MyEvent.AddListener(OnEventTriggered);
///     }
/// 
///     public void Update()
///     {
///         MyEvent.Invoke(this, new MyArguments(myInt, myBool));
///         myInt++;
///         myBool = !myBool;
///     }
/// 
///     private void OnEventTriggered(MyBehaviour sender, MyArguments args)
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"{sender.Id}'s event occurred with MyInt: {args.MyInt} and MyBool {args.MyBool}!");
///     }
/// 
///     private static void OnEventTriggeredOneTime(MyBehaviour sender, MyArguments args)
///     {
///         Console.WriteLine($"{sender.Id}'s event called once with MyInt: {args.MyInt} and MyBool {args.MyBool}!");
///     }
/// 
///     public readonly record struct MyArguments(int MyInt, bool MyBool);
/// }
/// </code>
/// The output of the example code above would be: 
/// <code>
/// [Id]'s event occurred with MyInt: 0 and MyBool False!
/// [Id]'s event called once with MyInt: 0 and MyBool False!
/// [Id]'s event occurred with MyInt: 1 and MyBool True!
/// [Id]'s event occurred with MyInt: 2 and MyBool False!
/// [Id]'s event occurred with MyInt: 3 and MyBool True!
/// ...
/// </code>
/// 
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TSender">Sender type</typeparam>
public class Event<TSender, TArguments>
{
    private readonly List<EventHandler> listeners = null!;
    private readonly List<EventHandler> onceListeners = null!;

    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked whenever the event is triggered.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called when the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Add(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Subscribes the callback to be invoked the next time the event is triggered. The callback will be called only once.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback to be called the next time the event is triggered.</param>
    public void AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Add(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveListener(EventHandler listener) => listeners.Remove(listener);
    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes the callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="listener">The callback that was previously registered by <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/></param>
    public void RemoveOneTimeListener(EventHandler listener) => onceListeners.Remove(listener);

    /// <summary>
    /// Unsubscribes all listeners that was previously registered by either <see cref="AddListener(EventHandler)"/> or <see cref="AddOneTimeListener(EventHandler)"/>.
    /// </summary>
    public void Clear() { listeners.Clear(); onceListeners.Clear(); }

    /// <summary>
    /// Triggers the event.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sender">The caller that's triggering this event.</param>
    /// <param name="args">The arguments provided for this event.</param>
    public void Invoke(TSender sender, TArguments args)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < listeners.Count; i++)
            try { listeners[i].Invoke(sender, args); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{listeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{listeners[i].Method.Name}({string.Join(", ", sender, args)})";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }

        for (int i = onceListeners.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            try { onceListeners[i].Invoke(sender, args); }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                string methodCallRepresentation = $"{onceListeners[i].Method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{onceListeners[i].Method.Name}({string.Join(", ", sender, args)})";
                Console.WriteLine($"Unexpected exception on invocation of method {methodCallRepresentation}:{Environment.NewLine}{exception.InnerException}");
            }
            onceListeners.RemoveAt(i);
        }
    }

    public Event(int initialListenerCount = 4, int initialOnceListenerCount = 2)
    {
        listeners = new(initialListenerCount);
        onceListeners = new(initialOnceListenerCount);
    }

    public Event()
    {
        listeners = new(4);
        onceListeners = new(2);
    }

    public delegate void EventHandler(TSender sender, TArguments args);
}